List of articles/maps published in the Journal of Maps, including author and abstract. http://www.journalofmaps.com/about.php?helpfile=smartyAbstracts.html http://journalofmaps.com/viewMap.php?mid=42 This paper considers the circumstantial evidence for a Mappa Mundi of Roman origin and introduces a methodology for examining that possibility. Julius Caesar ordered that a `world' survey be carried out to establish the extent of the Roman Empire, which was no doubt thought of as the `world'. There was also the matter of his own standing as \Consul of Rome" to consider. Following the commencement of a new era, BC/AD, we then nd cartographers such as Marinus of Tyre and Claudius Ptolemy producing quite marvelous maps with, for the era, an unparalleled accuracy. Although there is little extant evidence of the Roman world survey, it can only have been from Roman sources that these cartographers received their latest data. Thus by analysing the works of following authorities, such as the Christian Church, we can perhaps establish the veracity of historical texts which are thought doubtful. This is examined by the study of landscape phenomena which can only exist because there was a map of sucient quality and accuracy to allow the concepts noted. By studying the positions in the landscape of the early Christian edicies, noting the methodology and metrology used, as well as looking at their library contents, it is possible to conclude that there was a Roman Mappa Mundi dating to the BC/AD interface. 35,-10 55,-10 55,40 35,40 10 Jan 2005 00:00:01 +00:00 http://journalofmaps.com/viewMap.php?mid=84 The Serra da Bodoquena is a karst area situated on the southern edge of the Pantanal wetland region in the states of Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do Sul, central-western Brazil. Morphological analysis, on a scale of 1:60,000, made it possible to identify such various karst features as dolines, caves, sinks and springs, as well as karst cones and corridors, among others, compartmentalized into six morphological units. To the west of the Serra, the labyrinth karst that was identified reflects a situation of extreme flattening and diffuse infiltration via vertical fractures, which is gradually limited by polygonal karst, to the extent that there is drawdown of the water level. To the north of the Serra, these features are obscured by a greater degree of fluvial incision, which develops in the form of canyons and alluvial plains. To the east, there is a predominance of karst plains with dolines in a thick soil covering, associated with residual hills. There are tufa deposits along the current fluvial drainage system, and extensive older deposits occur in Quaternary terraces. Sandstone plains with innumerable dolines occur to the southeast of the Serra, reflecting the presence of subjacent karst. Geomorphological mapping of this area will be able to contribute to the Serra da Bodoquena National Park management plan, or assist in the development of anthropic soil use/occupation plans. -21.65030,-56.92100 -20.46130,-56.92100 -20.46130,-56.28120 -21.65030,-56.28120 10 Jan 2005 00:00:01 +00:00 http://journalofmaps.com/viewMap.php?mid=88 Much of northern Canada is covered by variable thicknesses of surficial sediment. Geological maps portray these sediments using subjective terminology such as till, marine sediments, esker or organics etc. Surficial sediment and bedrock geology units are primarily derived from air photo interpretation. In the Lac de Gras and Aylmer Lake area of the Canada’s Northwest Territories, there is limited primary depth-to-bedrock information, and thus a traditional overburden thickness model is difficult to acquire. A model can however be developed using inferred unit thickness information obtained from published 1:125,000 surficial geology maps and a digital elevation model. The modelling process is based on the construction of a bedrock elevation database that is subtracted from a digital elevation mode to provide an overburden thickness. The bedrock elevation database is derived by assigning each surficial unit an approximate thickness and subsequently subtracting this thickness from the each cell of the digital elevation mode. The resulting dataset represents a best approximation of the buried bedrock surface with a cell size determined by the digital elevation mode. This model may be used for a number of applications such as planning regional geophysical or geochemical surveys where data quality is affected by variable overburden thickness. 57.69000,-97.77000 60.24000,-97.77000 60.24000,-99.63000 57.69000,-99.63000 10 Jan 2005 00:00:01 +00:00 http://journalofmaps.com/viewMap.php?mid=85 The map of the Piedra del Águila Volcanic Plateau or “Escorial” (Province of Neuquén, Northern Patagonia, Argentina) shows the geomorphological characteristics of one of the most important volcanic extrusions of extra-Andean Patagonia. This map has been prepared based upon the visual interpretation of vertical aerial photographs and Landsat TM images. In the study area landforms of volcanic origin as well as of aeolian, fluvial and mass movement processes have been recognized. Due to the significant role of these volcanic plateaus as site of ground water reservoirs, the map also records the grassy wetlands or “mallines”, which are present around the edge of the remnants of the former lava flows. -40.20000,-70.60000 -39.50000,-70.60000 -39.50000,-70.10000 -40.20000,-70.10000 10 Jan 2005 00:00:01 +00:00 http://journalofmaps.com/viewMap.php?mid=90 This article describes palaeoglaciological mapping of the portion of the Canadian Arctic formerly covered by north-easternmost Laurentide Ice Sheet. The mapped area stretches between the meridians 106°W and 61°W, and the parallels 60°N and 75°N, embracing an area of 3.19 x 106 km2. The work was focused on determining the location of landforms that are required as input for a glaciological inversion model, i.e. glacial lineations, eskers, moraine ridges, ribbed moraine and De Geer moraines; and forms the basis of a reconstruction of the geometry and evolution of palaeo-ice streams in this portion of the Laurentide Ice Sheet. Emerged areas were mapped through the geomorphological interpretation of Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) satellite images. Information on striae and other minor indicators of glacial activity were extracted from maps and reports by the Geological Survey of Canada, published articles and, on a few locations, by the author's own observations. Information on landforms located on some submerged areas where extracted from publicly available sonar surveys. All data were digitally processed within a Geographical Information System and stored in a spatially enabled database. The results are presented as a printable map at 1:2,400,000 scale. 60.00000,-106.00000 75.00000,-106.00000 75.00000,-61.00000 60.00000,-61.00000 10 Jan 2005 00:00:01 +00:00 http://journalofmaps.com/viewMap.php?mid=92 The purpose of this work is to make a climatic map in order to show several variables concerning climate type in a Mediterranean region. The study is focused on the middle and southern part of Apulia region, southern Italy, an area of approximately 12,170 km2 between 3945' and 4130' N and 1540' and 1840' E. The map uses mean annual temperature as a background for the number of dry and cold months, and is supplemented with secondary maps which highlight the characteristics of a dry climate. Rainfall and temperature records of 46 thermo-pluviometric stations, over a 30 year period, were interpolated by kriging: the main map takes into account the Rapetti and Vittorini pattern, while for the other graphics the Thornthwaite and Mather water balance model was followed. Both these methods focus on factors which determine drought in a land of low rainfall such as Apulia region. 39.49240,15.11010 41.19480,15.11010 41.19480,18.32100 39.49240,18.32100 10 Jan 2005 00:00:01 +00:00 http://journalofmaps.com/viewMap.php?mid=92 A 1:30,000 scale map poster of the snout and proglacial landscape of the surging Icelandic glacier Brúarjökull, provides a spatial and temporal assessment of the geomorphic impacts of surging in glaciated terrains. Based upon aerial photography from 1998, 1999 and 2000, the map identifies the major landforms that are regarded as diagnostic of glacier surging when viewed in a landsystem framework; specifically, thrust block and push moraines, overridden thrust block moraines, zig-zag eskers, crevasse squeeze ridges, long flutings, hummocky moraine and ice-cored, pitted outwash. This landscape imprint, when identified in ancient glaciated terrains, can therefore be used as indicative of surge activity in palaeoglaciological reconstructions. 64.90203,-15.90865 64.63752,-15.90865 64.63752,-16.40430 64.90203,-16.40430 10 Jan 2005 00:00:01 +00:00 http://journalofmaps.com/viewMap.php?mid=77 Geological mapping projects undertaken in the Chicago metropolitan areas of northeastern Illinois are providing critical scientific information requested by government officials and public agencies to direct future land use, groundwater extraction, and environmental mitigation. Specifically, in Lake County, the Illinois State Geological Survey is undertaking a program to map glacial and nonglacial sediments from the land surface to the top of bedrock (the upper 200 to 400 feet; 61 to 122 m) in three dimensions. This mapping was completed by incorporating available datasets including historic and recent digital aerial photography, ground surface elevations acquired using Laser Imaging Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) technology, and United States Department of Agriculture soils data. By combining these data to construct oblique perspective images of the land surface, the accuracy of mapping the geologic materials could be evaluated. This study found that in some cases, geological and geomorphic data compiled from these composite images and limited field-testing supported different interpretations than indicated by the soil-parent materials map, ultimately requiring geologists to modify unit boundaries on the final map. Combining available subsurface geological information with these perspective images further enhanced the utility of this map product by enabling the user to view the geology in two- and three-dimensions. Cross sections and three-dimensional models provided visual representations of the horizontal and vertical distribution of geologic materials. 42.15,-88.2 42.5,-88.2 42.5,-87.75 42.15,-87.75 10 Jan 2005 00:00:01 +00:00 http://journalofmaps.com/viewMap.php?mid=58 The Oak Ridges Moraine area, southern Ontario, includes most of the Greater Toronto Area, which is the most populated region of Canada. The ~11,000 km2 region is bounded to the south by Lake Ontario and to the north where Paleozoic bedrock abuts Precambrian Canadian Shield. The area extends 160 km eastward from the Niagara Escarpment, a prominent 100 m high regional bedrock scarp. The surficial sediment is up to 200 m thick, and reveals exposures of the oldest Quaternary sediment in southern Canada. Population growth has caused land use conflicts and increased pressure on groundwater resources. Construction of a regional 3-D geological model of the glacial stratigraphy was needed to support a better understanding of aquifer distribution, scale, and resource potential and protection. Mapping of the regional glacial geomorphology and sediment succession identified a number of distinct landforms: tunnel channels, drumlins, eskers, moraines, and till and lacustrine plains. Using sequence stratigraphic concepts, strata have been grouped into four principal units that unconformably overlie Paleozoic bedrock: Lower sediment, Newmarket Till, Oak Ridges Moraine, and Halton Till. These four Quaternary units plus bedrock have been mapped in the subsurface as a succession of interpolated surfaces using an innovative stratigraphic database-GIS approach. The model-building process involved stratigraphically coding high-quality data, then integrating an extensive and diverse array of subsurface geological and archival datasets using an expert system (geological rules). Stratigraphic data subsets were then extracted and merged with DEM-controlled surface mapping and interpolated in a GIS. 43.25,-80.0 44.25,-80.0 44.25,-78.0 43.25,-78.0 10 Jan 2005 00:00:01 +00:00 http://journalofmaps.com/viewMap.php?mid=59 Geographic information system (GIS) mapping of geologic sensitivity, defined in this study as the sensitivity of groundwater contamination based on geologic units, and modeling groundwater flow are important aids in establishing protocols for groundwater monitoring, determining guidelines for proper handling of hazardous substances, siting future facilities, emergency response, and designing remediation plans for the clean up of toxic spills. GIS technology is utilized to develop maps for the Marine Corps Air Station (MCAS) in Beaufort, South Carolina, USA of (1) the subsurface geology in three dimensions from land surface to the top of the Floridan aquifer, a regionally extensive and highly productive groundwater resource, (2) derivative geologic sensitivity/groundwater contamination potential, and (3) hydrogeology and groundwater flow. Soils data are also incorporated into the model to better understand how soil drainage enhances or inhibits recharge of groundwater and, together with organic matter affects the movement of contaminants through the soil column. A calibrated 3D groundwater flow model of MCAS-Beaufort and subsequent detailed flow path and travel time analyses are based on the 3D geologic characterization delineated on the geologic sensitivity map. The groundwater flow model can be displayed in two ways. One mode is as an ArcGIS project where groundwater pathlines with travel times of 5 to 500 years can be plotted from any 30 X 30 m cell within the boundaries of MCAS-Beaufort. Another mode is as a static map, which defines areas of the MCAS-Beaufort where groundwater travel time from the water table to the top of the Floridan aquifer is less than 10 years or less than 25 years. The groundwater travel-time analysis can be used to evaluate the impact of particular land uses on the spread of contaminants introduced at the water table and transported to the Upper Floridan aquifer. Methodologies developed for this study are applicable to other shallow aquifer settings. 32.46,-80.74 32.5,-80.74 32.5,-80.7 32.46,-80.7 10 Jan 2005 00:00:01 +00:00 http://journalofmaps.com/viewMap.php?mid=56 The Ontario Geological Survey (OGS) has embarked on a pilot project of 3-dimensional mapping of Quaternary deposits within the Regional Municipality of Waterloo in southwestern Ontario, Canada. This project is part of a broader OGS initiative designed to provide basic geoscience information for the protection and preservation of the provincial groundwater resource. The main objective of this project is to develop a series of protocols for detailed 3-dimensional mapping of Quaternary deposits. These protocols shall be used as standards for similar surveys to be undertaken in other areas of the province. 3-dimensional mapping involves the characterization of the geometry and inherent properties of subsurface deposits. This information can: 1) aid in studies involving groundwater extraction, protection and remediation; 2) assist with the development of policies surrounding land use and nutrient management; and 3) help to better understand the interaction between surface and groundwater systems. This paper briefly summarizes the main sources of information used for the creation of the 3-dimensional block model and the key processes involved in its generation. The attached map is an exploded representation of the main Quaternary units present within the Regional Municipality of Waterloo. The regionally-based block model is created with cells measuring 100 by 100 m. The structural contour and isopach depictions can: 1) assist with the identification of windows that hydraulically connect upper and lower aquifers; 2) help to define areas where aquifers are intrinsically more susceptible to contamination; and 3) aid in unravelling depositional environments which can ultimately be used to help one predict sediment variability in the subsurface. 43.25,-80.92 43.7,-80.92 43.7,-80.17 43.25,-80.17 10 Jan 2005 00:00:01 +00:00 http://journalofmaps.com/viewMap.php?mid=79 This paper presents a geological map at a scale of 1:75,000 of an area of about 3,500km2 of the western part of the Devonian and Carboniferous South Munster Basin of southern Ireland. The compilation utilised existing geological data from a variety of sources in association with recent mapping. Aerial photographic data were used extensively to identify structural features not previously mapped. Geological and selected topographical information were scanned to a computer and the final compilation map was digitised using Macromedia Freehand software at a scale of 1:3,125. The map was subsequently converted to a scale of about 1:75,000. The construction of the map has aided in the resolution of the stratigraphical framework for this part of the basin and has permitted a basin wide correlation of genetic depositional packages recognised in the eastern part of the basin. Some of these have been linked to a number of transgressive-regressive events during the Late Devonian and Early Carboniferous and they are correlated here into the map area. Refined information on basin architecture in association with palaeoenvironmental interpretations for the succession have been used to identify the principal sedimentation controlling structures in the basin and to assess their influence in space and time. 51.5,-10.3 51.9,-10.3 51.9,-8.9 51.5,-8.9 10 Jan 2005 00:00:01 +00:00 http://journalofmaps.com/viewMap.php?mid=62 A geomorphological map of the Salento peninsula is presented at a 1:120,000 scale. The map was compiled by combining the available geological and geomorphological information with data derived from: (a) Digital Terrain Model interpretation, (b) an analysis of aerial photographs at a 1:33,000 scale and (c) a geomorphological fieldwork. The Salento peninsula, the southeast portion of the Apulia region in southern Italy, shows peculiar geological and geomorphological characteristics: it is a karstic area, nearly flat, with subsiding zones (Graben) between small ridges (Horst). They were originated by tectonic stresses, resulting in scarps of normal faults and, therefore, in macroscale structures. In addition, some exogenous (meso- and microscale) landforms were originated on the Graben structures, where there are permeable miocenic, pliocenic and pleistocenic sediments with muddy-clayey strata and others which stand on carbonatic substratum, represented by limestone, dolomitic limestone and dolomite, main lithologies of the Horst structures. The results are presented on the map, using a geographic information system (Arcview software). In addition, a digital terrain model, produced from a spatial analysis of contour lines, provides a general topographical setting. 39.8,17.6 40.5,17.6 40.5,18.6 39.8,18.6 10 Jan 2005 00:00:01 +00:00 http://journalofmaps.com/viewMap.php?mid=60 To preserve the monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus L.) overwintering sites in Mexico, the fir forests used for the main colonies have been protected by three presidential decrees, in 1980, 1986 and 2000. The territory of the current Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve (MBBR) belongs mainly to communal properties (\textit{ejidos} and indigenous communities). Contrary to expectation, this protected area is still facing severe disturbance and loss of forest cover, because of intensive illegal and legal logging, and subsistence farming activities. Roads are landscape elements well known as a cause of disturbance and deforestation. Therefore, the aim of this map is to illustrate the road network and land cover relationship in the MBBR, taking into account the land tenure. The roads vector layer was obtained by photointerpretation of one meter resolution digital aerial photograph mosaics from March 2003, and one meter resolution Ikonos pansharpened images from March 2004, as well as field work, using GPS georeferenced tracks. Land cover polygons were constructed by visual interpretation of January 2003 Landsat ETM+ color composites, simultaneously verified with the aerial photograph mosaics. The final 1:75000 map shows very high human pressures over the reserve forests. This is expressed by a high density road network, composed mainly of tertiary roads opened to wood extraction, in many cases illegally, and incompatible with the protection category of these forests. 19.3,-100.4 19.8,-100.4 19.8,-100.1 19.3,-100.1 10 Jan 2005 00:00:01 +00:00 http://journalofmaps.com/viewMap.php?mid=78 Victoria Island lies at the north-western extremity of the region covered by the vast North American Laurentide Ice Sheet (LIS) in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. This area is significant because it linked the interior of the LIS to the Arctic Ocean, probably via a number of ice streams. Victoria Island, however, exhibits a remarkably complex glacial landscape, with several successive generations of ice flow indicators superimposed on top of each other and often at abrupt (90 degree) angles. This complexity represents a major challenge to those attempting to produce a detailed reconstruction of the glacial history of the region. This paper presents a map of the glacial geomorphology of Victoria Island. The map is based on analysis of Landsat Enhanced Thematic Plus (ETM+) satellite imagery and contains over 58,000 individual glacial features which include: glacial lineations, moraines (terminal, lateral, subglacial shear margin), hummocky moraine, ribbed moraine, eskers, glaciofluvial deposits, large meltwater channels, and raised shorelines. The glacial features reveal marked changes in ice flow direction and vigour over time. Moreover, the glacial geomorphology indicates a non-steady withdrawal of ice during deglaciation, with rapidly flowing ice streams focussed into the inter-island troughs and several successively younger flow patterns superimposed on older ones. It is hoped that detailed analysis of this map will lead to an improved reconstruction of the glacial history of this area which will provide other important insights, for example, with respect to the interactions between ice streaming, deglaciation and Arctic Ocean meltwater events. 68.5,-126.6 73.4,-126.6 73.4,-105.6 68.5,-105.6 10 Jan 2005 00:00:01 +00:00 http://journalofmaps.com/viewMap.php?mid=74 There are many different landscapes. The landscape mapped here forms in the sky as thousands of aircraft are carefully choreographed by ground control to ferry passengers from one place to another. It is this landscape of constantly moving air traffic that is the subject of a new atlas. The maps in the North American Animated Flight Atlas are animations depicting flight traffic over North America. All animations depict traffic over 24-hour periods. Over 70 animations are presented on a DVD depicting flight traffic by airline, airplane, airport, and route. The minute-by-minute location of airplanes was mapped using a program called FlyteTrax from FlyteComm, Inc. The program updates the position of flights in real time and also allows the ``filtering" of flights based on the aircraft, airline, and the departure or arrival airport. At 1440 frames each (the number of minutes in a day), over 100,000 individual maps were used to create the animations. Animation files are between 5 MB and 66 MB in size for a total of about 1.6 GB. The animations present a landscape of flight traffic that is made visible through the atlas for the first time. This article examines the construction of the animations, some of the resultant patterns, and presents a single animation depicting all inbound and outbound commercial traffic for Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International airport. 24,-125 50,-125 50,-63 24,-63 10 Jan 2005 00:00:01 +00:00 http://journalofmaps.com/viewMap.php?mid=68 All urbanisation processes are in a constant state of change. European urbanisation is undergoing fundamental changes, the main sign of which is a move away from megalopolises based on economies of scale and industrial output. In this paper, we introduce the term ``Old Model" to refer to to this historical state. Europe is now increasingly witnessing urban development in the form of narrow corridors and isolated points of growth more related to environmental considerations, arising largely because of the increasing availability of excellent transportation facilities. Here, we refer to this state as the ``New Model". Europe has long since ceased to be mainly a manufacturing region. Some three-quarters of all the continent's workers are now in highly productive tertiary occupations, and our cities are reflecting this shift. This study attempts to quantify the shift and concludes with the idea that transport is the key to future patterns of urban growth. 30,-10 65,-10 65,35 30,35 10 Jan 2005 00:00:01 +00:00 http://journalofmaps.com/viewMap.php?mid=18 High magnitude jokulhlaups (glacial outburst floods) are known to have drained along the Jokulsa a Fjollum river from the northern margin of Vatnajokull, Iceland during the Holocene. However, little is known of the number, age, source and flow characteristics of these jokulhlaups. Ongoing research therefore seeks to quantitatively analyse jokulhlaups from Kverkfjoll, which is a discrete source of meltwater into the Jokulsa a Fjollum. To this end a high-resolution digital elevation model was produced and extensive geomorphological mapping and sedimentary analyses were accomplished in the field. The DEM is substantially more detailed than presently available topographic maps and is therefore of interest for a whole range of recreational and scientific purposes. This research has identified geomorphological surfaces that distinguish at least three jokulhlaups from Kverkfjoll during the Holocene. These jokulhlaups routed into the Jokulsa a Fjollum. Ongoing research has also sought to examine flow characteristics of jokulhlaups through Kverkfjallarani and to compare calculations of spatial and temporal hydraulics to maps of geomorphological and sedimentological jkulhlaup products. 64.67000,-16.82000 64.93000,-16.82000 64.93000,-16.27000 64.67000,-16.27000 10 Jan 2005 00:00:01 +00:00 http://journalofmaps.com/viewMap.php?mid=25 In Ireland, a major NE-SW trending fault zone (the Fair Head/Clew Bay line) separates high-grade metamorphic rocks (the Dalradian Supergroup) that were originally deposited on an ancient continental margin from lower-grade rocks of oceanic affinity (the Clew Bay Complex). This fault zone continues towards the NE into Scotland, where it is known as the Highland Boundary Fault, and to the west into Newfoundland and the Appalachians, where it is termed the Baie Verte/Brompton line. As such, it is one of the longest fault zones in the Caledonian / Appalachian mountain belt. It has been active several times during this mountain-building episode, and has thus played an important role during the evolution of this orogenic belt. In Scotland and most of Ireland, this fault zone is generally very poorly exposed, and the relationships between the rock units on either side of this discontinuity have therefore proved controversial in the past. However, it is superbly exposed on the coastline sections of Achill Island and Achill Beg in western Ireland. This enables detailed geological field mapping of the fault zone and the adjacent rock units, and thus a fuller understanding of the tectonic significance of this major lineament. A 1:2,500 geological map has been completed of the region surrounding the fault zone, which is locally termed the Achill Beg Fault. This has demonstrated that the two rock units (the Dalradian Supergroup and the Clew Bay Complex) have a very similar history of deformation, and were likely to have been deformed contemporaneously during an early phase of the Caledonian Orogeny. 53.85833,-10.01666 53.91666,-10.01666 53.91666,-9.94166 53.85833,-9.94166 10 Jan 2005 00:00:01 +00:00 http://journalofmaps.com/viewMap.php?mid=8 The first geomorphological map of the Somma-Vesuvius active volcano is presented. This map includes the volcanic and epivolcanic landforms at a 1:10.000 scale. The map is obtained combining the available geological information with data derived from: (a) Digital Terrain Model (DTM), (b) image analysis of aerial views and interpretation of topographic maps, (c) field surveys. At Somma-Vesuvius, epivolcanic landforms concentrated in the northern and eastern sectors of the volcano. Volcanic landforms characterize the caldera area, the western and the southern sectors, where the most recent (1631-1944) activity occurred. 14.19000,40.45000 14.32000,40.45000 14.32000,40.55000 14.19000,40.55000 10 Jan 2005 00:00:01 +00:00 http://journalofmaps.com/viewMap.php?mid=32 This paper provides a brief overview of the preparation of the first ever small-scale map of motor sport companies in Northamptonshire, the UKs home of motor sport�. It describes the construction of the map and gives the reader an insight into the perceptual and design choices made in map construction as well as providing an overview of the scope of motor sport in the county. 51.90000,-1.34000 52.75000,-1.34000 52.75000,-0.29000 51.90000,-0.29000 10 Jan 2005 00:00:01 +00:00 http://journalofmaps.com/viewMap.php?mid=33 The map of the glacial geomorphology of north-central Quebec-Labrador, Canada�, based on aerial photograph interpretation, presents the distribution of glacial and glaciofluvial landforms, such as glacial lineations, eskers, ribbed moraine, and glacial lake shorelines. It covers an area of approximately 180,000 km2 between 53 and 56.5N and 64 and 74E and shows that north-central Quebec-Labrador exhibits a more complex pattern of landforms than previously recognized. This mapping project was initiated as a test of the hypothesis that north-central Quebec-Labrador exhibited cold-based conditions at least during the latest deglaciation as was suggested in previous studies based on glacial geomorphology. Cold-based conditions inhibit basal sliding and formation of subglacial landforms, which requires that marginal meltwater traces are the main source of information when reconstructing the spatial retreat pattern during a cold-based deglaciation. Therefore this new map also includes results of detailed mapping of the regional distribution of meltwater features. 53,-72 56.5,-72 56.5,-64 53,-64 10 Jan 2005 00:00:01 +00:00 http://journalofmaps.com/viewMap.php?mid=41 A map of the glacial geomorphology of Kola Peninsula and adjacent areas in the Murmansk region, northwestern Russia, is presented. The primary data source for identification and classification of landforms has been Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) satellite images, and aerial photograph interpretation and field work in selected areas. The map, at the scale 1:900,000, consists of over 20,000 landforms pertaining to the Quaternary glacial activity, considerably improving existing knowledge of this area. The landform types that have been mapped are glacial lineations, ribbed moraine, end moraines, end moraine complexes, hummocky moraine, eskers, glaciofluvial accumulations, lateral meltwater channels, large meltwater channels, very large meltwater channels, and relict shorelines. The distribution of landforms shows large variations. The central part of the peninsula lacks signs of glacial activity, apart from abundant lateral meltwater channels. In the rest of the area glacial lineations (drumlins, flutes, crag-and-tails) are the dominant landform type. The largest glacial landform system in the area is an ice marginal system running parallel to the southern and eastern coast of Kola Peninsula. This ice marginal system, the Keiva moraine complex, has in part been overrun and drumlinised by ice flow from the southwest. This indicates that this ice marginal belt was deposited before the last major ice expansion. The map presented will be used as the main source of data for a new reconstruction of glacial events in the eastern part of the Fennoscandian ice sheet area. 65.7,26.7 69.7,26.7 69.7,42.8 65.7,42.8 27 Jan 2006 00:00:01 +00:00 http://journalofmaps.com/viewMap.php?mid=52 A surficial geology and geomorphology map of Porisjokull, west-central Iceland, serves the dual purpose of providing an historical archive of Little Ice Age glacier recession in a warming global climate and monitoring tool for geomorphologists studying the temporal evolution of glacial landform-sediment assemblages or landsystems. The map is based on 1999 colour aerial photography that includes ground survey control markers tied in by geodetic quality GPS receivers to the Icelandic control network. The base data for the glacial and topographic information was compiled from the aerial photographs and a mosaic of digitally orthorectified images. With respect to the plateau icefield glacial landsystem, the map displays seven colour coded surficial geology units in addition to bedrock and various geomorphological features depicted by specific symbols. As an exemplar of the plateau icefield landsystem, the ��risjokull map serves as an excellent modern analogue for reconstructions of glaciation in upland plateau terrains, particularly those in which plateaux host ice masses during the early and late stages of glaciation. -20.83000,64.50000 -20.58000,64.50000 -20.58000,64.58000 -20.83000,64.58000 27 Jan 2006 00:00:01 +00:00 http://journalofmaps.com/viewMap.php?mid=43 The beds of active ice streams in Greenland and Antarctica are largely inaccessible, hindering a full understanding of the processes that initiate, sustain and inhibit fast ice flow in ice sheets. Detailed mapping of the glacial geomorphology of palaeo-ice stream tracks is, therefore, a valuable tool for exploring the basal processes that control their behaviour. In this paper we present a map that shows detailed glacial geomorphology from a part of the Dubawnt Lake Palaeo-Ice Stream bed on the north-western Canadian Shield (Northwest Territories), which operated at the end of the last glacial cycle. The map (centred on 63 55" 42'N, 102 29" 11'W, approximate scale 1:90,000) was compiled from digital Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper satellite imagery and digital and hard-copy stereo-aerial photographs. The ice stream bed is dominated by parallel mega-scale glacial lineations, whose lengths exceed several kilometres but the map also reveals that they have, in places, been superimposed with transverse ridges known as ribbed moraines. The ribbed moraines lie on top of the MSGL and appear to have segmented the individual lineaments. This indicates that formation of the ribbed moraines post-date the formation of the MSGL. The presence of ribbed moraine in the onset zone of another palaeo-ice stream has been linked to oscillations between cold and warm-based ice and/or a patchwork of cold-based areas which led to acceleration and deceleration of ice velocity. Our hypothesis is that the ribbed moraines on the Dubawnt Lake Ice Stream bed are a manifestation of the process that led to ice stream shut-down and may be associated with the process of basal freeze-on. The precise formation of ribbed moraines, however, remains open to debate and field observation of their structure will provide valuable data for formal testing of models of their formation. 60.84722,-102.60472 60.00472,-102.60472 60.00472,-102.28389 60.84722,-102.28389 27 Jan 2006 00:00:01 +00:00 http://journalofmaps.com/viewMap.php?mid=50 The "Glacial geological and geomorphological map of the NW Highlands, Scotland" is the result of detailed aerial photograph interpretation and field mapping at a scale of 1: 25,000 and presents the distribution of glacial deposits and landforms in an area of ca. 1000 km2 in the far NW Scottish Highlands (58�5"N 4�58"W to 58�29"N 4�34"W; British National Grid: NC 250140 to NC 500 540). This area has never been mapped in detail before, and previous glacier reconstructions have solely been carried out from aerial photographs without much ground-truthing. The present mapping reveals that glacial landforms, most notably recessional "hummocky" moraines attributed to the Younger Dryas (ca. 12.7-11.5 ka BP), are more widely distributed throughout the study area than recognised on earlier overview maps. Detailed mapping enables the detailed reconstruction of part of a large mountain icefield of ca. 211 km2 which is significantly larger than the 36 km2 previously envisaged for the NW Highlands. These findings demonstrate that "traditional" mapping from aerial photographs and in the field can result in a high-resolution reconstruction of palaeo-glaciers from which palaeoclimatic variables can then be calculated. Such variables are crucial to validate and further constrain numerical models used to predict future climate change. 58.50000,-4.58000 58.29000,-4.58000 58.29000,-4.34000 58.50000,-4.34000 27 Jan 2006 00:00:01 +00:00 http://journalofmaps.com/viewMap.php?mid=55 The "Glacial geological and geomorphological map of the NW Highlands, Scotland" is the result of detailed aerial photograph interpretation and field mapping at a scale of 1: 25,000 and presents the distribution of glacial deposits and landforms in an area of ca. 1000 km2 in the far NW Scottish Highlands (58�5"N 4�58"W to 58�29"N 4�34"W; British National Grid: NC 250140 to NC 500 540). This area has never been mapped in detail before, and previous glacier reconstructions have solely been carried out from aerial photographs without much ground-truthing. The present mapping reveals that glacial landforms, most notably recessional "hummocky" moraines attributed to the Younger Dryas (ca. 12.7-11.5 ka BP), are more widely distributed throughout the study area than recognised on earlier overview maps. Detailed mapping enables the detailed reconstruction of part of a large mountain icefield of ca. 211 km2 which is significantly larger than the 36 km2 previously envisaged for the NW Highlands. These findings demonstrate that "traditional" mapping from aerial photographs and in the field can result in a high-resolution reconstruction of palaeo-glaciers from which palaeoclimatic variables can then be calculated. Such variables are crucial to validate and further constrain numerical models used to predict future climate change. 58.50000,-4.58000 58.29000,-4.58000 58.29000,-4.34000 58.50000,-4.34000 27 Jan 2006 00:00:01 +00:00 http://journalofmaps.com/viewMap.php?mid=45 Detailed field mapping at a scale of 1:10,000 of an area of approximately 650 km2 of the lowland areas of the southern Vale of Eden and the upland areas of the Western Pennines centred on upper Wensleydale has been completed with reference to the distribution of glacial landforms, particularly drumlins associated with the last (Devensian) ice sheet to cover northern England. These subglacial landforms cover much of the area including many of the high interfluve areas within the Pennines and demonstrate a complex pattern of palaeo-ice flow. At a number of locations, a hierarchy of subglacial bedforms has been observed with superimposed drumlins occurring on larger drumlin forms reflecting changing ice flow directions during the glaciation. In upper Wensleydale and tributary valleys, the overall trend of the drumlin long axes shows a well marked convergence that can be interpreted as defining the onset zone of a palaeo-ice stream. Further north in the Vale of Eden, drumlins also show convergence of ice flow into Stainmore from the west and south that coalesced with ice flowing southwards up the Vale of Eden from southern Scotland. Stainmore forms a major topographic low within the Pennines and formed a major route for western-based ice to escape eastwards towards Yorkshire and the North Sea. The map also shows that superimposed drumlins in both these areas demonstrate significant changes in ice flow directions during the course of this glaciation. 54.25000,2.70000 54.50000,2.70000 54.50000,2.30000 54.25000,2.30000 27 Jan 2006 00:00:01 +00:00 http://journalofmaps.com/viewMap.php?mid=44 Ribbed moraines are large subglacially formed transverse ridges that cover extensive areas of the beds of the former Laurentide, Fennoscandian and Irish ice sheets. Since the flow speeds and stability of ice sheets are known to be sensitive to conditions operating at the bed, a full understanding of the processes of ribbed moraine genesis are critical if we are to appreciate their role in ice sheet dynamics. To date, advances in knowledge on how ribbed moraines are formed rely on inferences drawn from their characteristics. However, this approach is problematic given that ribbed moraine characteristics are poorly known. Scrutiny of the literature reveals that detailed observations are limited to small areas and rely on small sample sizes. Thus, generalisations drawn from this base cannot be regarded as being representative and remain an inadequate data source for testing the various hypotheses. The map forms part of a large study that investigated ribbed moraine characteristics in Ireland, Canada and Sweden over a combined area of 81,000 km2 that has addressed this deficit. It shows the distribution of ribbed moraine ridges in the Lac Naococane region, central Qu�bec and covers an area of 32,400 km2. It comprises over 12,800 individual ridges and forms part of a database of over 33,000 individually mapped landforms which reveal ribbed moraine characteristics to be more complex than has hitherto been reported. 52,-73.3 54,-73.3 54,-69.7 52,-69.7 27 Jan 2006 00:00:01 +00:00 http://journalofmaps.com/viewMap.php?mid=46 The retreat of chalk cliffs fringing the eastern English Channel contributes shingle to the beaches which helps to protect the cliffs and slow down erosion. Conversely, cliff retreat endangers settlements and infrastructure on the clifftop. Rates of retreat have been calculated by a variety of methods over the past century, but no attempt has been made to provide a complete coverage that allows for a true comparison of retreat rates over the entire coastline. Using historic maps and recent orthophotos cliff retreat rates have been calculated for consecutive 50 m sections of chalk cliff along the English side of the entire eastern Channel for a period of ~125 years. The chalk cliffs of East Sussex erode at an average rated of 0.25 - 0.3 m y-1 while those in Kent at a rate of ~0.1 m y-1. 50.7,-0.1 51.4,-0.1 51.4,1.5 50.7,1.5 10 Jan 2005 00:00:01 +00:00 http://journalofmaps.com/viewMap.php?mid=48 The accompanying map and cross-sections outline the disposition of fluvioglacial deposits infilling two buried valleys, the Northern and Southern Buried Valleys, which occupy the margins of the E-W Cork Syncline in southwest Ireland. These buried valleys formed during the Pleistocene, probably in response to repeated lowstands in sea level which was in excess of about 130 m. Water well and site investigation borehole data, assembled from various sources, have been analysed and collated using a specialised geological package, Rockworks 2002. These data have been plotted on digitised base maps together with mapped bedrock exposures using AutoCAD. Combined with topographical analysis, an isopach map of the fluvioglacial deposits infilling the buried valleys, has been produced. This defines the courses of Pleistocene river systems which were responsible for the excavation of the valleys. Selected geophysical traverses have confirmed the existence of the buried valleys and their general courses. The Northern Buried Valley has been traced along its length for a distance of almost 60 km, whilst the Southern Buried Valley has been traced for about 35 km. The geophysical surveys suggest a complex bedrock topography and that the depth of these valleys exceeds 100 m in places. However, the absolute depths of the buried valleys cannot be determined with certainty at this stage. 51.86000,-8.67000 51.86000,-8.67000 51.86000,-8.08600 51.86000,-8.08600 10 Jan 2005 00:00:01 +00:00 http://journalofmaps.com/viewMap.php?mid=51 Investigation into the Mesozoic strata making up the greater part of the Tertiary thrust slices of the Formentor peninsula of the Serra de Tramuntana of the island of Mallorca has shown that their pre-Miocene character is much more complex than hitherto supposed. Neither of the two lithological units recognised in it is a simple stratigraphic body. Nor do the two lie conformably on one another. Instead the Mesozoic assemblage, as the whole is termed here, is formed of an upper body of fragmental carbonates (usually assigned to the Lias) and a lower one of tabularly bedded carbonates discordant beneath it (said to be uppermost Trias). Furthermore, this complex body was subject to wholesale rearrangement accompanied by local brecciation of the lower unit, also in pre-Miocene times. Both construction of the assemblage and its modification present problems unresolved in the present work. Nevertheless its results are presented here in Map and cross-sections as a contribution to the continuing study of the north eastern extremity of the Betic Cordillera of the Serra de Tramuntana of Mallorca. 39.89000,3.09160 39.97670,3.09160 39.97670,3.20560 39.89000,3.20560 10 Jan 2005 00:00:01 +00:00 http://journalofmaps.com/viewMap.php?mid=53 Non-irrigation agriculture involves risks and uncertainty. Farmers of non-irrigated fields consistently get lower yields per surface unit along with the highest loss indices. Losses are chiefly caused by the environment, largely as a result of the steady climate variations that have taken place over the latest years. It is overly important to determine the current behavior of the elements of climate, as well as their spatial and temporal distribution, in order to adapt farming techniques tailored to these changes. This work consisted in integrating a set of thermal and pluvial indicators which directly influence agricultural activities. The methodology was applied to Guanajuato's northern region (13,794 km2) at a scale of 1:250,000. This represents a database from which it is possible to suggest the introduction of alternative crops: amaranth, sorghum and forager sunflower. 20.6,-101.7 21.9,-101.7 21.9,-99.9 20.7,-99.9 10 Jan 2005 00:00:01 +00:00 http://journalofmaps.com/viewMap.php?mid=72 There is a continuing determination by academics and road professionals alike to investigate the most appropriate methods for identifying road accident hotspots particularly in urban areas. Increasingly this research has involved the use of GIS and spatial analysis in order to define both visually and statistically what can be defined as a road accident hotspot. Traditional methods of hotspot detection by road professionals have included comparing count data at different locations and rating the areas by severity. However the increase use of GIS has lead to academics using sophisticated methods to quantify hotspots. There is, however, no universal definition of a road accident hotspot which means that the definition of a hotspot is open to much speculation. This paper seeks to investigate the merits of three different spatial techniques for quantifying road accident hotspots. Kernel density estimation, network analysis and area wide analysis are used to demonstrate three methods. The methods are then reviewed. There is however an exhaustive list of hotspot detection techniques, not all of which can be outlined in this paper. 52.86492,0.18929 53.66572,0.18929 53.66572,0.19590 52.86492,0.19590 10 Jan 2005 00:00:01 +00:00 http://journalofmaps.com/viewMap.php?mid=70 This paper presents an accessibility map (centred on -1.977, 52.399 with an area of 130.8 km at 1:50,000 scale) which is the culmination of one aspect of an accessibility planning exercise for a major redevelopment in the English West Midlands. `Accessibility Planning' as defined by the UK Department for Transport (DfT) is a new duty in the local authority Local Transport Plan (LTP) process - although accessibility and location allocation models are established quantitative methods in geography. The incorporation of accessibility planning techniques in the LTP process has raised their profile in transport planning generally, where they are steadily gaining ground. Accessibility planning is not yet at the core of local transport planning, since the approach differs significantly from traditional methods in both techniques employed and in general approach to `the transport problem'. Much traditional transport planning work is scheme-led; a new link or service is mooted, and established numerical modelling tools used to predict demand for the facility. Rather than taking travel demands as a starting point, Accessibility Planning (in the LTP sense) considers the reasons why people need to travel in the first place - to more effectively plan service delivery around revealed needs or demands. Specifically, the broader needs of a population are reviewed; employment, education, healthcare, leisure - the whole range of opportunities and services. These destinations and the connecting transport networks are then analysed in a spatial context using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to show visually whether the population can access these key facilities. If this accessibility mapping exercise reveals that people cannot easily reach important destinations, the transport planner can use this evidence to argue for possible interventions - and use accessibility maps and models to test potential measures. Accessibility Planning also differs from the `classic' approach in that non-transport measures are considered too, with transport planners informing decisions by other professionals on location and delivery of services. 52.39900,-1.97700 52.39900,-1.97700 52.39900,-1.97700 52.39900,-1.97700 10 Jan 2005 00:00:01 +00:00 http://journalofmaps.com/viewMap.php?mid=63 This study compares the changes in levels of accessibility over time in the Minneapolis - St. Paul region using two different modes (car and public transport). The importance of accessibility as a measure of land use and transportation planning performance in the region is revealed by comparing it over time. The longitudinal analysis being conducted shows increases in accessibility by car in most areas in the studied region, and a drop in accessibility by public transport over the period 1990 to 2000. The findings are compared to the levels of congestion in the region between the same time periods. This comparison shows the difference between the two measures and strengthens the importance of accessibility measures as a tool for monitoring and evaluating regional land use and transportation planning performance. -93.31511,44.91573 -93.23664,44.91573 -93.23664,44.97620 93.31511,44.97620 10 Jan 2005 00:00:01 +00:00